World History MCQs
Q 1.Brettonwood agreement was signed to establish which of the following organization?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [World Bank]
Notes: The Bretton Woods system is commonly refers to the international monetary regime that prevailed from the end of World War II until the early 1970s. Taking its name from the site of the 1944 conference that created the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank, the Bretton Woods system was history’s first example of a fully negotiated monetary order intended to govern currency relations among sovereign states.
Notes: The Bretton Woods system is commonly refers to the international monetary regime that prevailed from the end of World War II until the early 1970s. Taking its name from the site of the 1944 conference that created the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank, the Bretton Woods system was history’s first example of a fully negotiated monetary order intended to govern currency relations among sovereign states.
Q 2.In which of the following current countries, the Srebrenica Massacre took place?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Bosnia and Herzegovina]
Notes: The Srebrenica massacre, also known as the Srebrenica genocide, was a mass killing that took place in July 1995 in the town of Srebrenica in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War. The massacre was committed by Bosnian Serb forces under the command of General Ratko Mladić, who targeted the town’s Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) population.In the days leading up to the massacre, Bosnian Serb forces captured Srebrenica, which had been declared a United Nations safe area, and began to systematically kill Bosniak men and boys. The killings took place in various locations around the town, including schools, warehouses, and sports facilities, and the bodies of many victims were later exhumed from mass graves in the area. The exact number of people killed in the massacre is difficult to determine, but it is estimated that between 7,000 and 8,000 Bosniak men and boys were murdered.The Srebrenica massacre was the largest mass murder in Europe since World War II and has been recognized as an act of genocide by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice. It had a profound impact on the Bosnian War and the peace negotiations that followed, and it remains a controversial and deeply tragic event in the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Notes: The Srebrenica massacre, also known as the Srebrenica genocide, was a mass killing that took place in July 1995 in the town of Srebrenica in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War. The massacre was committed by Bosnian Serb forces under the command of General Ratko Mladić, who targeted the town’s Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) population.In the days leading up to the massacre, Bosnian Serb forces captured Srebrenica, which had been declared a United Nations safe area, and began to systematically kill Bosniak men and boys. The killings took place in various locations around the town, including schools, warehouses, and sports facilities, and the bodies of many victims were later exhumed from mass graves in the area. The exact number of people killed in the massacre is difficult to determine, but it is estimated that between 7,000 and 8,000 Bosniak men and boys were murdered.The Srebrenica massacre was the largest mass murder in Europe since World War II and has been recognized as an act of genocide by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the International Court of Justice. It had a profound impact on the Bosnian War and the peace negotiations that followed, and it remains a controversial and deeply tragic event in the history of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Q 3.In which country,People Power Revolutionrestored the democracy in 1986?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Philippines]
Notes: The People Power Revolution or EDSA Revolution or February Revolution,also sometimes known as Yellow Revolution, was a series of demonstrations in Philippines in 1986 that resulted in end of 20 year reign of dictator Ferdinand Marcos and restoration of democracy.
Notes: The People Power Revolution or EDSA Revolution or February Revolution,also sometimes known as Yellow Revolution, was a series of demonstrations in Philippines in 1986 that resulted in end of 20 year reign of dictator Ferdinand Marcos and restoration of democracy.
Q 4.Ping Pong Diplomacy of early 1970s is related to which among the following two countries?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [China & United States]
Notes: Ping pong diplomacy refers to the brief thaw in relations between the United States and China in the early 1970s, which was facilitated in part by the exchange of table tennis players between the two countries. In April 1971, a group of American table tennis players visited China for a tournament, and the Chinese government invited them to stay for several days. This marked the first time in more than 20 years that Americans had been allowed to visit China. The visit was followed by several high-level diplomatic meetings between the two countries, which ultimately led to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the US and China in 1979.
Notes: Ping pong diplomacy refers to the brief thaw in relations between the United States and China in the early 1970s, which was facilitated in part by the exchange of table tennis players between the two countries. In April 1971, a group of American table tennis players visited China for a tournament, and the Chinese government invited them to stay for several days. This marked the first time in more than 20 years that Americans had been allowed to visit China. The visit was followed by several high-level diplomatic meetings between the two countries, which ultimately led to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the US and China in 1979.
Q 5.The “1911 Revolution” happened in which nation?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [China]
Notes: The 1911 Revolution is also known as the Chinese Revolution or the Xinhai Revolution. This revolution overthrew China’s last imperial dynasty, the Qing dynasty. This revolution leads to the abdication of Puyi, the last imperial ruler of China; end of imperial China; establishment of the Republic of China. This revolution happened from 10 October 1911 to 12 February 1912.
Notes: The 1911 Revolution is also known as the Chinese Revolution or the Xinhai Revolution. This revolution overthrew China’s last imperial dynasty, the Qing dynasty. This revolution leads to the abdication of Puyi, the last imperial ruler of China; end of imperial China; establishment of the Republic of China. This revolution happened from 10 October 1911 to 12 February 1912.
Q 6.From which nation the Democratic Republic of Congo gained its independence in 1960?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Belgium]
Notes: The Democratic Republic of Congo gained its independence from Belgium in 1960. Belgian expedition under Sir Henry Morton Stanley received patronage from King Leopold II of Belgium to explore and administer Congo from 1870s. Belgians forced the local population of Congo to produce rubber and unleashed abuses through exploitation and diseases. In 1908, Belgian parliament annexed Congo as Belgian colony from King Leopold II of Belgium. In 1960, Mouvement National Congolais under Patrice Lumumba started the nationalist movement and won Parliamentary election. And in June 1960, Congo achieved independence and established as a republic of Congo or Congo-Leopoldville.
Notes: The Democratic Republic of Congo gained its independence from Belgium in 1960. Belgian expedition under Sir Henry Morton Stanley received patronage from King Leopold II of Belgium to explore and administer Congo from 1870s. Belgians forced the local population of Congo to produce rubber and unleashed abuses through exploitation and diseases. In 1908, Belgian parliament annexed Congo as Belgian colony from King Leopold II of Belgium. In 1960, Mouvement National Congolais under Patrice Lumumba started the nationalist movement and won Parliamentary election. And in June 1960, Congo achieved independence and established as a republic of Congo or Congo-Leopoldville.
Q 7.Which nation’s revolutionary organization was “26th of July Movement”?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Cuba]
Notes: 26th of July Movement was a revolutionary organisation and a political party of Cuba led by Fidel Castro. It was active from 1955 to 1965. It was widely remembered as an attack against army barracks on 26th July 1953 to overthrow the rule of dictator Fulgencio Batista. It supported anti-imperialism and left-wing nationalism. Its area of operations was in the Caribean Sea.
Notes: 26th of July Movement was a revolutionary organisation and a political party of Cuba led by Fidel Castro. It was active from 1955 to 1965. It was widely remembered as an attack against army barracks on 26th July 1953 to overthrow the rule of dictator Fulgencio Batista. It supported anti-imperialism and left-wing nationalism. Its area of operations was in the Caribean Sea.
Q 8.Which military confrontation was known as the “October Crisis of 1962”?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Cuban Missile Crisis]
Notes: The October Crisis of 1962 was a military confrontation also known as the Cuban Missile Crisis or the Caribbean Crisis or the Missile Scare. It occurred from October 16 to 28 in 1962. It was between the United States America and the Soviet Union following the deployment of ballistic missiles in Cuba by the Soviet Union. This confrontation almost leads to the Cold War- full-scale Nuclear War. This crisis was amicably settled after several days of tense negotiations.
Notes: The October Crisis of 1962 was a military confrontation also known as the Cuban Missile Crisis or the Caribbean Crisis or the Missile Scare. It occurred from October 16 to 28 in 1962. It was between the United States America and the Soviet Union following the deployment of ballistic missiles in Cuba by the Soviet Union. This confrontation almost leads to the Cold War- full-scale Nuclear War. This crisis was amicably settled after several days of tense negotiations.
Q 9.Which of the following were sent to preach Christianity to the world?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Apostles]
Notes: In Christian theology, Apostles, particularly the Twelve Apostles which are also known as the Twelve Disciples were the primary disciples of Jesus according to the New Testament. After the death of Jesus, these Twelve Apostles helped to spread Christianity.
Notes: In Christian theology, Apostles, particularly the Twelve Apostles which are also known as the Twelve Disciples were the primary disciples of Jesus according to the New Testament. After the death of Jesus, these Twelve Apostles helped to spread Christianity.
Q 10.Which of the following Apostles did not know Jesus during his ministry and before his Crucifixion?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Paul]
Notes: Paul also called Saint pauls is generally considered one of the most important figures of the Apostolic Age. He did not know Jesus during his ministry and before his Crucifixion.
Notes: Paul also called Saint pauls is generally considered one of the most important figures of the Apostolic Age. He did not know Jesus during his ministry and before his Crucifixion.
Q 11.Which of the following were sent to preach Christianity to the world?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Apostles]
Notes: In Christian theology, Apostles, particularly the Twelve Apostles which are also known as the Twelve Disciples were the primary disciples of Jesus according to the New Testament. After the death of Jesus, these Twelve Apostles helped to spread Christianity.
Notes: In Christian theology, Apostles, particularly the Twelve Apostles which are also known as the Twelve Disciples were the primary disciples of Jesus according to the New Testament. After the death of Jesus, these Twelve Apostles helped to spread Christianity.
Q 12.Which of the following periods is known as the Feudal Age?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [9th to 14th century A.D.]
Notes: The period between the 9th and 14th century A.D. is known as the Feudal Age. Feudalism was essentially an outgrowth in response to the needs and conditions of the times.
Notes: The period between the 9th and 14th century A.D. is known as the Feudal Age. Feudalism was essentially an outgrowth in response to the needs and conditions of the times.
Q 13.The Bastille symbolized which of the following?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Despotic power of the King]
Notes: The Bastille symbolized despotic power of the King as Bastille had many prisoners who were put in jail without any trial. Anyone who opposed the policies of Louis XVI was imprisoned. Therefore, it was the symbol of despotic power of King.
Notes: The Bastille symbolized despotic power of the King as Bastille had many prisoners who were put in jail without any trial. Anyone who opposed the policies of Louis XVI was imprisoned. Therefore, it was the symbol of despotic power of King.
Q 14.Which country suffered most deaths in the First World War?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Russia]
Notes: Russia suffered most deaths in the First World War. The greatest number of casualties and wounds were inflicted by the use of artillery, followed by small arms, and then by poison gas.
Notes: Russia suffered most deaths in the First World War. The greatest number of casualties and wounds were inflicted by the use of artillery, followed by small arms, and then by poison gas.
Q 15.Which of the following were the opponents of Bolsheviks in Russian Civil War?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [All of the above]
Notes: Democrats, monarchists and moderate socialists all were the opponents of Bolsheviks in Russian Civil War. It was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire. It took place immediately after the two Russian Revolutions of 1917.
Notes: Democrats, monarchists and moderate socialists all were the opponents of Bolsheviks in Russian Civil War. It was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire. It took place immediately after the two Russian Revolutions of 1917.
Q 16.Which of the following formed an international body known as “Second International”?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Socialists]
Notes: The Socialists formed an international body known as “Second International”. The Second International formed on 14 July 1889 at a Paris meeting in which delegations from twenty countries participated, was an organisation of socialist and labour parties.
Notes: The Socialists formed an international body known as “Second International”. The Second International formed on 14 July 1889 at a Paris meeting in which delegations from twenty countries participated, was an organisation of socialist and labour parties.
Q 17.Which of the following was the longest battle of World War II?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Battle of the Atlantic]
Notes: The Battle of the Atlantic which began immediately upon the British declaration of war against Germany in September 1939 and ended with Germany’s surrender to the Allies in May 1945, was the longest battle of World War II.
Notes: The Battle of the Atlantic which began immediately upon the British declaration of war against Germany in September 1939 and ended with Germany’s surrender to the Allies in May 1945, was the longest battle of World War II.
Q 18.From which nation Timor-Leste gained independence in 2002?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Indonesia]
Notes: The Portuguese established outposts in Timor and Maluku islands of Lesser Sunda Islands of Malay Archipelago. Effective European occupation of a small part of present-day East Timor began in 1769 when the city of Dili was founded and the colony of Portuguese Timor declared. For the Portuguese, East Timor remained little more than a neglected trading post until the late nineteenth century, with minimal investment in infrastructure, health, and education. Sandalwood continued to be the main export crop with coffee exports becoming significant in the mid-nineteenth century. At the beginning of the twentieth century, a faltering home economy prompted the Portuguese to extract greater wealth from its colonies, which was met with East Timorese resistance. Following the 1974 Portuguese Revolution, Portugal effectively abandoned its colony in Timor and civil war between East Timorese political parties broke out in 1975. The Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (Fretilin) resisted a Timorese Democratic Union (UDT) coup attempt in August 1975,and unilaterally declared independence on 28 November 1975. Fearing a communist state within the Indonesian archipelago, the Indonesian military launched an invasion of East Timor in December 1975.Indonesia declared East Timor its 27th province on 17 July 1976.The UN Security Council opposed the invasion and the territory’s nominal status in the UN remained as “non-self-governing territory under Portuguese administration”.The 1991 Dili Massacre was a turning point for the independence cause and an East Timor solidarity movement grew in Portugal, the Philippines, Australia, and other Western countries. The Santa Cruz Massacre (also known as the Dili Massacre) was the shooting of at least 250 East Timorese pro-independence demonstrators in the Santa Cruz cemetery in the capital, Dili, on 12 November 1991, during the Indonesian occupation of East Timor and is part of the East Timorese genocide. Following the resignation of Indonesian president of Suharto, an UN-sponsored agreement between Indonesia and Portugal allowed for an UN-supervised popular referendum in August 1999. A clear vote for independence was met with a punitive campaign of violence by East Timorese pro-integration militia supported by elements of the Indonesian military. With Indonesian permission, an Australian-led multinational peacekeeping force (INTERFET) was deployed until the order was restored. On 25 October 1999, the administration of East Timor was taken over by the UN through the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET), headed by Sergio Vieira de Mello. The INTERFET deployment ended in February 2000 with the transfer of military command to the UN. On 30 August 2001, the East Timorese voted in their first election organised by the UN to elect members of the Constituent Assembly.On 22 March 2002, the Constituent Assembly approved the Constitution.By May 2002, over 205,000 refugees had returned.On 20 May 2002, the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of East Timor came into force and East Timor was recognised as independent by the UN.
Notes: The Portuguese established outposts in Timor and Maluku islands of Lesser Sunda Islands of Malay Archipelago. Effective European occupation of a small part of present-day East Timor began in 1769 when the city of Dili was founded and the colony of Portuguese Timor declared. For the Portuguese, East Timor remained little more than a neglected trading post until the late nineteenth century, with minimal investment in infrastructure, health, and education. Sandalwood continued to be the main export crop with coffee exports becoming significant in the mid-nineteenth century. At the beginning of the twentieth century, a faltering home economy prompted the Portuguese to extract greater wealth from its colonies, which was met with East Timorese resistance. Following the 1974 Portuguese Revolution, Portugal effectively abandoned its colony in Timor and civil war between East Timorese political parties broke out in 1975. The Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor (Fretilin) resisted a Timorese Democratic Union (UDT) coup attempt in August 1975,and unilaterally declared independence on 28 November 1975. Fearing a communist state within the Indonesian archipelago, the Indonesian military launched an invasion of East Timor in December 1975.Indonesia declared East Timor its 27th province on 17 July 1976.The UN Security Council opposed the invasion and the territory’s nominal status in the UN remained as “non-self-governing territory under Portuguese administration”.The 1991 Dili Massacre was a turning point for the independence cause and an East Timor solidarity movement grew in Portugal, the Philippines, Australia, and other Western countries. The Santa Cruz Massacre (also known as the Dili Massacre) was the shooting of at least 250 East Timorese pro-independence demonstrators in the Santa Cruz cemetery in the capital, Dili, on 12 November 1991, during the Indonesian occupation of East Timor and is part of the East Timorese genocide. Following the resignation of Indonesian president of Suharto, an UN-sponsored agreement between Indonesia and Portugal allowed for an UN-supervised popular referendum in August 1999. A clear vote for independence was met with a punitive campaign of violence by East Timorese pro-integration militia supported by elements of the Indonesian military. With Indonesian permission, an Australian-led multinational peacekeeping force (INTERFET) was deployed until the order was restored. On 25 October 1999, the administration of East Timor was taken over by the UN through the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET), headed by Sergio Vieira de Mello. The INTERFET deployment ended in February 2000 with the transfer of military command to the UN. On 30 August 2001, the East Timorese voted in their first election organised by the UN to elect members of the Constituent Assembly.On 22 March 2002, the Constituent Assembly approved the Constitution.By May 2002, over 205,000 refugees had returned.On 20 May 2002, the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of East Timor came into force and East Timor was recognised as independent by the UN.
Q 19.Which country occupied and annexed Ethiopia in 1936?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Italy]
Notes: After the second Italo-Ethiopian war, Italy occupied and annexed Ethiopia in 1936 and made Italian Ethiopia. Italy unleashed a ruthless administration in Ethiopia. The infamous Yekatit 12 Massacre sanctioned by Italian administration happened during this period. During World War II, the British Empire defeated the Italian rulers of Ethiopia and restored the full sovereignty of Ethiopia in 1941. In 1947, Italy recognized the sovereignty and independence of Ethiopia.
Notes: After the second Italo-Ethiopian war, Italy occupied and annexed Ethiopia in 1936 and made Italian Ethiopia. Italy unleashed a ruthless administration in Ethiopia. The infamous Yekatit 12 Massacre sanctioned by Italian administration happened during this period. During World War II, the British Empire defeated the Italian rulers of Ethiopia and restored the full sovereignty of Ethiopia in 1941. In 1947, Italy recognized the sovereignty and independence of Ethiopia.
Q 20.Which country was the location of the “July Revolution”?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [France]
Notes: The July revolution, also known as the French Revolution of 1830 or the Second French Revolution, happened from 26 July to 29 July 1830 in France. This led to the overthrow of King Charles X, the French Bourbon monarch, and the ascent of his cousin Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans, who himself, after 18 precarious years on the throne, would be overthrown in 1848. It marked the shift from one constitutional monarchy, under the restored House of Bourbon, to another, the July Monarchy; the transition of power from the House of Bourbon to its cadet branch, the House of Orléans; and the replacement of the principle of hereditary right by popular sovereignty. Supporters of the Bourbon would be called Legitimists, and supporters of Louis Philippe Orléanists.
Notes: The July revolution, also known as the French Revolution of 1830 or the Second French Revolution, happened from 26 July to 29 July 1830 in France. This led to the overthrow of King Charles X, the French Bourbon monarch, and the ascent of his cousin Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans, who himself, after 18 precarious years on the throne, would be overthrown in 1848. It marked the shift from one constitutional monarchy, under the restored House of Bourbon, to another, the July Monarchy; the transition of power from the House of Bourbon to its cadet branch, the House of Orléans; and the replacement of the principle of hereditary right by popular sovereignty. Supporters of the Bourbon would be called Legitimists, and supporters of Louis Philippe Orléanists.
Q 21.Which of the following is also known as the “November Revolution”?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [German Revolution of 1918-1919]
Notes: The German Revolution of 1918-1919 or November Revolution, happened as part of the Revolutions of 1917–1923 and political violence in Germany (1918–33), was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic. The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption in August 1919 of the Weimar Constitution. It leads to the Weimar Republic victory, abdication of Emperor Wilhelm II, the monarchy of Germany and its 22 constituent monarchies abolished, suppression of leftist uprisings, including Spartacist uprising, end of the First World War and the establishment of the Weimar Republic.
Notes: The German Revolution of 1918-1919 or November Revolution, happened as part of the Revolutions of 1917–1923 and political violence in Germany (1918–33), was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic. The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption in August 1919 of the Weimar Constitution. It leads to the Weimar Republic victory, abdication of Emperor Wilhelm II, the monarchy of Germany and its 22 constituent monarchies abolished, suppression of leftist uprisings, including Spartacist uprising, end of the First World War and the establishment of the Weimar Republic.
Q 22.Which event was actually the output/result of the “Peaceful Revolution”?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [German Reunification]
Notes: German Reunification was actually the output/result of the “Peaceful Revolution”. The Peaceful Revolution was the process of sociopolitical change that led to the opening of East Germany’s borders with the west, the end of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) and the transition to a parliamentary democracy, which enabled the reunification of Germany in October 1990. This happened through non-violent initiatives and demonstrations. These events were closely linked to Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev’s decision to abandon Soviet hegemony in Eastern Europe as well as the reformist movements that spread through Eastern Bloc countries.
Notes: German Reunification was actually the output/result of the “Peaceful Revolution”. The Peaceful Revolution was the process of sociopolitical change that led to the opening of East Germany’s borders with the west, the end of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) and the transition to a parliamentary democracy, which enabled the reunification of Germany in October 1990. This happened through non-violent initiatives and demonstrations. These events were closely linked to Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev’s decision to abandon Soviet hegemony in Eastern Europe as well as the reformist movements that spread through Eastern Bloc countries.
Q 23.Which country’s political party was the “United Gold Coast Convention”?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Ghana]
Notes: The United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) was a political party whose aim was to bring about Ghanaian independence from their British colonial masters after the Second World War. The United Gold Coast Convention appointed its leaders to include Kwame Nkrumah, who was the Secretary-General.
Notes: The United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) was a political party whose aim was to bring about Ghanaian independence from their British colonial masters after the Second World War. The United Gold Coast Convention appointed its leaders to include Kwame Nkrumah, who was the Secretary-General.
Q 24.What was the purpose of the secret organization “Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio”?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [To educate the Greeks and prepare the struggle against Ottoman rule over Greece.]
Notes: The Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio was a secret organization established in Paris in 1814, whose purpose was to educate the Greeks and prepare the struggle against Ottoman rule over Greece. Two of its founders were the Macedonian Grigorios Zalykis and the Epirote Athanasios Tsakalov. The organization was a precursor of another organization, Filiki Eteria, of which Athanasios Tsakalov was a founding member and which succeeded in mobilizing Greeks against the Ottoman Empire culminating in the Greek War of Independence.
Notes: The Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio was a secret organization established in Paris in 1814, whose purpose was to educate the Greeks and prepare the struggle against Ottoman rule over Greece. Two of its founders were the Macedonian Grigorios Zalykis and the Epirote Athanasios Tsakalov. The organization was a precursor of another organization, Filiki Eteria, of which Athanasios Tsakalov was a founding member and which succeeded in mobilizing Greeks against the Ottoman Empire culminating in the Greek War of Independence.
Q 25.In which year, the “Battle of the Metaxas Line” was fought?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [1941]
Notes: The Battle of the Metaxas Line, also known in Greece as the Battle of the Forts, fought between 6–9 April 1941, was the first battle during the German invasion of Greece in World War II. The Germans succeeded in capturing several individual forts but failed to breach the fortified Metaxas Line in general. The capture of Thessaloniki forced the Greek East Macedonia Army Section to surrender on the 10th of April and the Metaxas Line battle was over.
Notes: The Battle of the Metaxas Line, also known in Greece as the Battle of the Forts, fought between 6–9 April 1941, was the first battle during the German invasion of Greece in World War II. The Germans succeeded in capturing several individual forts but failed to breach the fortified Metaxas Line in general. The capture of Thessaloniki forced the Greek East Macedonia Army Section to surrender on the 10th of April and the Metaxas Line battle was over.
Q 26.Which country was the location of the event “Viannos massacres”?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Greece]
Notes: The Viannos massacres were a mass extermination campaign launched by Nazi forces against the civilian residents of around 20 villages located in the areas of east Viannos and west Ierapetra provinces on the Greek island of Crete during World War II.
Notes: The Viannos massacres were a mass extermination campaign launched by Nazi forces against the civilian residents of around 20 villages located in the areas of east Viannos and west Ierapetra provinces on the Greek island of Crete during World War II.
Q 27.From which country Guinea gained independence in 1958?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [France]
Notes: Guinea’s colonial period began with French military penetration into the area in the mid-19th century. French domination was assured by the defeat in 1898 of the armies of Samori Toure, Mansa (or Emperor) of the Ouassoulou state and leader of Malinke descent, which gave France control of what today is Guinea and adjacent areas. In 1958, the French Fourth Republic collapsed due to political instability and its failures in dealing with its colonies, especially Indochina and Algeria. The founding of a Fifth Republic was supported by the French people, while French President Charles de Gaulle made it clear on 8 August 1958 that France’s colonies were to be given a stark choice between more autonomy in a new French Community or immediate independence in the referendum to be held on 28 September 1958. The other colonies chose the former but Guinea—under the leadership of Ahmed Sékou Toure whose Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally (PDG) had won 56 of 60 seats in 1957 territorial elections – voted overwhelmingly for independence. The French withdrew quickly, and on 2 October 1958, Guinea proclaimed itself a sovereign and independent republic, with Sekou Toure as president.
Notes: Guinea’s colonial period began with French military penetration into the area in the mid-19th century. French domination was assured by the defeat in 1898 of the armies of Samori Toure, Mansa (or Emperor) of the Ouassoulou state and leader of Malinke descent, which gave France control of what today is Guinea and adjacent areas. In 1958, the French Fourth Republic collapsed due to political instability and its failures in dealing with its colonies, especially Indochina and Algeria. The founding of a Fifth Republic was supported by the French people, while French President Charles de Gaulle made it clear on 8 August 1958 that France’s colonies were to be given a stark choice between more autonomy in a new French Community or immediate independence in the referendum to be held on 28 September 1958. The other colonies chose the former but Guinea—under the leadership of Ahmed Sékou Toure whose Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally (PDG) had won 56 of 60 seats in 1957 territorial elections – voted overwhelmingly for independence. The French withdrew quickly, and on 2 October 1958, Guinea proclaimed itself a sovereign and independent republic, with Sekou Toure as president.
Q 28.In which year, Guinea gained independence from France?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [1958]
Notes: In the year 1958, Guinea gained independence from France. Guinea’s colonial period began with French military penetration into the area in the mid-19th century. French domination was assured by the defeat in 1898 of the armies of Samori Toure, Mansa (or Emperor) of the Ouassoulou state and leader of Malinke descent, which gave France control of what today is Guinea and adjacent areas. In 1958, the French Fourth Republic collapsed due to political instability and its failures in dealing with its colonies, especially Indochina and Algeria. The founding of a Fifth Republic was supported by the French people, while French President Charles de Gaulle made it clear on 8 August 1958 that France’s colonies were to be given a stark choice between more autonomy in a new French Community or immediate independence in the referendum to be held on 28 September 1958. The other colonies chose the former but Guinea—under the leadership of Ahmed Sékou Toure whose Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally (PDG) had won 56 of 60 seats in 1957 territorial elections – voted overwhelmingly for independence. The French withdrew quickly, and on 2 October 1958, Guinea proclaimed itself a sovereign and independent republic, with Sekou Toure as president.
Notes: In the year 1958, Guinea gained independence from France. Guinea’s colonial period began with French military penetration into the area in the mid-19th century. French domination was assured by the defeat in 1898 of the armies of Samori Toure, Mansa (or Emperor) of the Ouassoulou state and leader of Malinke descent, which gave France control of what today is Guinea and adjacent areas. In 1958, the French Fourth Republic collapsed due to political instability and its failures in dealing with its colonies, especially Indochina and Algeria. The founding of a Fifth Republic was supported by the French people, while French President Charles de Gaulle made it clear on 8 August 1958 that France’s colonies were to be given a stark choice between more autonomy in a new French Community or immediate independence in the referendum to be held on 28 September 1958. The other colonies chose the former but Guinea—under the leadership of Ahmed Sékou Toure whose Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally (PDG) had won 56 of 60 seats in 1957 territorial elections – voted overwhelmingly for independence. The French withdrew quickly, and on 2 October 1958, Guinea proclaimed itself a sovereign and independent republic, with Sekou Toure as president.
Q 29.Which country was occupied by Nazi German forces during World War II through “Operation Margarethe, 1944”?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Hungary]
Notes: Hungary was occupied by Nazi German forces during World War II through “Operation Margarethe, 1944”. Operation Margarethe was the occupation of Hungary by Nazi German forces during World War II, as it was ordered by Hitler on 12 March 1944. A plan for the occupation of Romania was devised under the name Operation Margarethe II but was never carried out.
Notes: Hungary was occupied by Nazi German forces during World War II through “Operation Margarethe, 1944”. Operation Margarethe was the occupation of Hungary by Nazi German forces during World War II, as it was ordered by Hitler on 12 March 1944. A plan for the occupation of Romania was devised under the name Operation Margarethe II but was never carried out.
Q 30.Which of the following is the period of the “Indonesian National Revolution”?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [1945 – 1949]
Notes: The period of the “Indonesian National Revolution” is 1945 – 1949. The Indonesian National Revolution, or Indonesian War of Independence, was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during postwar and postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesia’s declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands’ recognition of Indonesia’s independence at the end of 1949.
Notes: The period of the “Indonesian National Revolution” is 1945 – 1949. The Indonesian National Revolution, or Indonesian War of Independence, was an armed conflict and diplomatic struggle between the Republic of Indonesia and the Dutch Empire and an internal social revolution during postwar and postcolonial Indonesia. It took place between Indonesia’s declaration of independence in 1945 and the Netherlands’ recognition of Indonesia’s independence at the end of 1949.
Q 31.Consider the following statements:The term ‘bourgeoisie’ refers to the industrial working class.The term ‘proletariat’ refers to the middle class.Which of the above is / are correct?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [None of the above ]
Notes: The countries to which industrial revolution had spread had their social and economic life completely transformed. Economically, urban centres surpassed the rural areas. Industries became the most important economic tool. The classes associated with the machine mode of production and distribution became more prominent than the aristocratic and peasant class. Socially, two new classes emerged in society the ‘capitalist’ or the ‘middle class and the ‘industrial working class’. The middle class was the owner of industries and controlled the trade and commerce. It was also known as the ‘bourgeoisie’. The industrial working class was called the ‘proletariat’ class, which worked for wages and lived in terrible living conditions. So, both the statements are incorrect.
Notes: The countries to which industrial revolution had spread had their social and economic life completely transformed. Economically, urban centres surpassed the rural areas. Industries became the most important economic tool. The classes associated with the machine mode of production and distribution became more prominent than the aristocratic and peasant class. Socially, two new classes emerged in society the ‘capitalist’ or the ‘middle class and the ‘industrial working class’. The middle class was the owner of industries and controlled the trade and commerce. It was also known as the ‘bourgeoisie’. The industrial working class was called the ‘proletariat’ class, which worked for wages and lived in terrible living conditions. So, both the statements are incorrect.
Q 32.The ‘Atlantic Charter’ was signed between which of the following countries?USABritainUSSRJapanSelect the correct answer from the codes given below:
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Only 1 and 2]
Notes: ‘Atlantic Charter’ was a declaration issued jointly by the Prime Minister of Britain, Winston Churchill, and the President of USA, Franklin D. Roosevelt, in August 1941. It was an important document, even though, it did not imply any direct military commitment on the part of the US to take part in the war. The Charter set out certain common principles on which to base ‘a better future for the world’. The two parties committed themselves to these principles, and they became, in a sense, a statement of war aims. The two countries stated that they did not seek any territorial aggrandizement or any territorial changes that do not accord with the freely expressed wishes of the people concerned. The Charter also implicitly accepted the principle of ‘self-determinism’ for the colonies. So, option b is the correct answer.
Notes: ‘Atlantic Charter’ was a declaration issued jointly by the Prime Minister of Britain, Winston Churchill, and the President of USA, Franklin D. Roosevelt, in August 1941. It was an important document, even though, it did not imply any direct military commitment on the part of the US to take part in the war. The Charter set out certain common principles on which to base ‘a better future for the world’. The two parties committed themselves to these principles, and they became, in a sense, a statement of war aims. The two countries stated that they did not seek any territorial aggrandizement or any territorial changes that do not accord with the freely expressed wishes of the people concerned. The Charter also implicitly accepted the principle of ‘self-determinism’ for the colonies. So, option b is the correct answer.
Q 33.Consider the following statements:NATO was formed during the cold war as a military alliance of mainly western European and North American countries.‘Warsaw Pact’ was a military block of mainly communist countries.Considering the role played by Germany in the WWII, it was kept out of any military alliance.Which of the above is / are correct?
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Only 1 and 2]
Notes: A new military alliance had come into being in April, 1949. The USA and most countries of Western Europe- Britain, France, Belgium, Luxemburg, Holland, Norway, Denmark, Portugal and Italy- and Iceland and Canada formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). It is believed that the formation of NATO was stimulated by the Berlin blockade by USSR. So, statement 1 is correct. In 1955, when West Germany was admitted as a member of NATO, the Soviet Union and the East European countries ruled by communist parties formed their military alliance which is known as the Warsaw Pact. The Warsaw Pact countries, like the NATO countries, had a joint military command. So, statement 2 is correct. Germany was divided into the West and East Germany. While West Germany was admitted into the NATO, the East Germany was incorporated into the ‘Warsaw Pact’. Statement 3 is incorrect.
Notes: A new military alliance had come into being in April, 1949. The USA and most countries of Western Europe- Britain, France, Belgium, Luxemburg, Holland, Norway, Denmark, Portugal and Italy- and Iceland and Canada formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). It is believed that the formation of NATO was stimulated by the Berlin blockade by USSR. So, statement 1 is correct. In 1955, when West Germany was admitted as a member of NATO, the Soviet Union and the East European countries ruled by communist parties formed their military alliance which is known as the Warsaw Pact. The Warsaw Pact countries, like the NATO countries, had a joint military command. So, statement 2 is correct. Germany was divided into the West and East Germany. While West Germany was admitted into the NATO, the East Germany was incorporated into the ‘Warsaw Pact’. Statement 3 is incorrect.
Q 34.Name the country where the first Industrial Revolution took place.
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Great Britain]
Notes: The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. It began in Great Britain and then spread to Western Europe and the United States.
Notes: The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. It began in Great Britain and then spread to Western Europe and the United States.
Q 35.The Crimean War came to an end by the:
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Treaty of Paris]
Notes: The Treaty of Paris of 1856 settled the Crimean War between Russia and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, the British Empire, Second French Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The treaty, signed on March 30, 1856 at the Congress of Paris, made the Black Sea neutral territory between the warring states.
Notes: The Treaty of Paris of 1856 settled the Crimean War between Russia and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, the British Empire, Second French Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The treaty, signed on March 30, 1856 at the Congress of Paris, made the Black Sea neutral territory between the warring states.
Q 36.Cold War refers to:
Answer: Correct Answer:A [tension between East and West]
Notes: The Cold War, often dated from 1947 to 1991, was a sustained state of political and military tension between powers in the Western Bloc, dominated by the United States with NATO among its allies and powers in the Eastern Block, dominated by the Soviet Union along with Warsaw Pact.
Notes: The Cold War, often dated from 1947 to 1991, was a sustained state of political and military tension between powers in the Western Bloc, dominated by the United States with NATO among its allies and powers in the Eastern Block, dominated by the Soviet Union along with Warsaw Pact.
Q 37.Who edited New Testament in the Greek language?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Erasmus]
Notes: The contribution of Erasmus (1463-1536) in correcting and editing the Latin works was also notable. He edited the New Testament in the Greek language.
Notes: The contribution of Erasmus (1463-1536) in correcting and editing the Latin works was also notable. He edited the New Testament in the Greek language.
Q 38.Which was the first published book by John Gutenberg in his printing press?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [Bible]
Notes: The invention of printing press by John Gutenberg (1398-1468) in Germany had influenced the Renaissance literature. The first book published by him was The Bible.
Notes: The invention of printing press by John Gutenberg (1398-1468) in Germany had influenced the Renaissance literature. The first book published by him was The Bible.
Q 39.Which of these is a painting by Raphael?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Maddonna]
Notes: Raphael achieved a rare blending of devotional feeling with a sense of beauty. Although Raphael died at the age of thirty-seven, he produced a great number of paintings, of which the most familiar is the Madonna.
Notes: Raphael achieved a rare blending of devotional feeling with a sense of beauty. Although Raphael died at the age of thirty-seven, he produced a great number of paintings, of which the most familiar is the Madonna.
Q 40.Diderot and D’ Alembert were the first to publish:
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Encyclopedia ]
Notes: Diderot and D’ Alembert published the Encyclopedia. It contained several essays and articles written by revolutionary thinkers.
Notes: Diderot and D’ Alembert published the Encyclopedia. It contained several essays and articles written by revolutionary thinkers.
Q 41.Who translated the Bible in the German language?
Answer: Correct Answer:A [Martin Luther]
Notes: In Germany, Martin Luther translated the Bible in the German language. Sebastian Brant wrote The Ship of Fools. In Spain, Cervantes authored the famous Don Quixote.
Notes: In Germany, Martin Luther translated the Bible in the German language. Sebastian Brant wrote The Ship of Fools. In Spain, Cervantes authored the famous Don Quixote.
Q 42.Who were known as “Protestants”?
Answer: Correct Answer:D [The German Princes]
Notes: In 1529, when Emperor Charles V revoked the decision to the princes to choose their own religion, the German princes drew up a protest and they came to be known as “Protestants”.
Notes: In 1529, when Emperor Charles V revoked the decision to the princes to choose their own religion, the German princes drew up a protest and they came to be known as “Protestants”.
Q 43.The idea of French Revolution was based on “Liberty, Equality and ______”:
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Fraternity ]
Notes: The French Revolution opened a new chapter in the history of Europe. It marked a turning point in the history of humankind. The French Revolution put an end to the age old absolute monarchy, feudal laws and social inequality. It introduced for the first time the idea of republicanism based on “Liberty, Equality and Fraternity”. These ideas had influenced the entire continent of Europe and also the world.
Notes: The French Revolution opened a new chapter in the history of Europe. It marked a turning point in the history of humankind. The French Revolution put an end to the age old absolute monarchy, feudal laws and social inequality. It introduced for the first time the idea of republicanism based on “Liberty, Equality and Fraternity”. These ideas had influenced the entire continent of Europe and also the world.
Q 44.Elias Howe invented sewing machine in:
Answer: Correct Answer:C [1846]
Notes: The invention of the sewing machine by Elias Howe, in 1846, accelerated the production of clothing and made possible the modern clothing industry. Thus, one invention followed another, not only in textile industries but also in many others. In this way, the present-day complex machinery has evolved.
Notes: The invention of the sewing machine by Elias Howe, in 1846, accelerated the production of clothing and made possible the modern clothing industry. Thus, one invention followed another, not only in textile industries but also in many others. In this way, the present-day complex machinery has evolved.
Q 45.Russian Social Democratic Party was formed by:
Answer: Correct Answer:D [George Plekhanov]
Notes: In Russia when the workers’ organizations were set up they were dominated by Marx’s ideas on socialism. In 1883, the Russian Social Democratic Party was formed by George Plekhanov, a follower of Marx.
Notes: In Russia when the workers’ organizations were set up they were dominated by Marx’s ideas on socialism. In 1883, the Russian Social Democratic Party was formed by George Plekhanov, a follower of Marx.
Q 46.The seat of the Kerensky Government, which fell in October, was known as:
Answer: Correct Answer:B [Winter Palace]
Notes: The unpopularity of the Kerensky’s government led to its collapse on 7th November 1917, when a group of soldiers occupied the Winter Palace, the seat of the Kerensky Government. An All-Russian Congress of Soviets met on the same day and assumed full political power. This event which took place on 7 November is known as the October Revolution because of the corresponding date of the old Russian calendar, 25 October.
Notes: The unpopularity of the Kerensky’s government led to its collapse on 7th November 1917, when a group of soldiers occupied the Winter Palace, the seat of the Kerensky Government. An All-Russian Congress of Soviets met on the same day and assumed full political power. This event which took place on 7 November is known as the October Revolution because of the corresponding date of the old Russian calendar, 25 October.
Q 47.Between the two parties Hitler formed, one’s members wore black. Members of another party wore:
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Brown]
Notes: Hitler formed two military bodies as well. The members were wearing brown shirts with a red armband carrying a black Swastika. Another division was called as the ‘Black Shirts’. They were the body guards of the Nazi party leaders.
Notes: Hitler formed two military bodies as well. The members were wearing brown shirts with a red armband carrying a black Swastika. Another division was called as the ‘Black Shirts’. They were the body guards of the Nazi party leaders.
Q 48.Battle of Stalingrad took place on:
Answer: Correct Answer:B [23 August 1942]
Notes: Germany made a mistake of invading the Soviet Union, despite a non-aggression pact. One of the important battles was the Battle of Stalingrad (23 August 1942 – 2 February 1943). For five months the battle went on. It involved 2 million men, 2000 tanks and 2000 aero-planes. The Battle of Stalingrad was the most important turning point of World War II and is considered the bloodiest battle in human history, with more combined casualties suffered than any battle before or since. The battle was marked by brutality and disregard for military and civilian casualties on both sides. The invading German army was driven back. In February 1943, about 90,000 German soldiers surrendered. This was a turning point of the war.
Notes: Germany made a mistake of invading the Soviet Union, despite a non-aggression pact. One of the important battles was the Battle of Stalingrad (23 August 1942 – 2 February 1943). For five months the battle went on. It involved 2 million men, 2000 tanks and 2000 aero-planes. The Battle of Stalingrad was the most important turning point of World War II and is considered the bloodiest battle in human history, with more combined casualties suffered than any battle before or since. The battle was marked by brutality and disregard for military and civilian casualties on both sides. The invading German army was driven back. In February 1943, about 90,000 German soldiers surrendered. This was a turning point of the war.
Q 49.In 1991, the ‘historic’ START – I Treaty was signed in:
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Moscow]
Notes: With the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe occurred. The bipolar world became unipolar world. On 31st July 1991, American President George Bush and Soviet leader Michael Gorbachev signed the ‘historic’ START – I Treaty in the Moscow Summit. This marks the end of the Era of Cold War.
Notes: With the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe occurred. The bipolar world became unipolar world. On 31st July 1991, American President George Bush and Soviet leader Michael Gorbachev signed the ‘historic’ START – I Treaty in the Moscow Summit. This marks the end of the Era of Cold War.
Q 50.During World War II, which two powers invaded and occupied Poland, leading to its division and suffering throughout the conflict?
Answer: Correct Answer:C [Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union]
Notes: In September 1939, Poland was invaded first by Nazi Germany from the west and then by the Soviet Union from the east, leading to its occupation and division under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. This event marked the beginning of Poland’s struggle and immense suffering during World War II.
Notes: In September 1939, Poland was invaded first by Nazi Germany from the west and then by the Soviet Union from the east, leading to its occupation and division under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. This event marked the beginning of Poland’s struggle and immense suffering during World War II.